Organic electrochemical neurons and synapses with ion mediated spiking

Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh, Chi-Yuan Yang, Deyu Tu, Jennifer Y. Gerasimov, Abdul Manan Dar, Adam Armada-Moreira, Matteo Massetti, Renee Kroon, David Bliman, Roger Olsson, Eleni Stavrinidou, Magnus Berggren and Simone Fabiano ()
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Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh: Linköping University
Chi-Yuan Yang: Linköping University
Deyu Tu: Linköping University
Jennifer Y. Gerasimov: Linköping University
Abdul Manan Dar: Linköping University
Adam Armada-Moreira: Linköping University
Matteo Massetti: Linköping University
Renee Kroon: Linköping University
David Bliman: University of Gothenburg
Roger Olsson: University of Gothenburg
Eleni Stavrinidou: Linköping University
Magnus Berggren: Linköping University
Simone Fabiano: Linköping University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Future brain-machine interfaces, prosthetics, and intelligent soft robotics will require integrating artificial neuromorphic devices with biological systems. Due to their poor biocompatibility, circuit complexity, low energy efficiency, and operating principles fundamentally different from the ion signal modulation of biology, traditional Silicon-based neuromorphic implementations have limited bio-integration potential. Here, we report the first organic electrochemical neurons (OECNs) with ion-modulated spiking, based on all-printed complementary organic electrochemical transistors. We demonstrate facile bio-integration of OECNs with Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) to induce lobe closure upon input stimuli. The OECNs can also be integrated with all-printed organic electrochemical synapses (OECSs), exhibiting short-term plasticity with paired-pulse facilitation and long-term plasticity with retention >1000 s, facilitating Hebbian learning. These soft and flexible OECNs operate below 0.6 V and respond to multiple stimuli, defining a new vista for localized artificial neuronal systems possible to integrate with bio-signaling systems of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28483-6

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