Protective immune trajectories in early viral containment of non-pneumonic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Kami Pekayvaz (), Alexander Leunig, Rainer Kaiser, Markus Joppich, Sophia Brambs, Aleksandar Janjic, Oliver Popp, Daniel Nixdorf, Valeria Fumagalli, Nora Schmidt, Vivien Polewka, Afra Anjum, Viktoria Knottenberg, Luke Eivers, Lucas E. Wange, Christoph Gold, Marieluise Kirchner, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Johannes C. Hellmuth, Clemens Scherer, Raquel Rubio-Acero, Tabea Eser, Flora Deák, Kerstin Puchinger, Niklas Kuhl, Andreas Linder, Kathrin Saar, Lukas Tomas, Christian Schulz, Andreas Wieser, Wolfgang Enard, Inge Kroidl, Christof Geldmacher, Michael Bergwelt-Baildon, Oliver T. Keppler, Mathias Munschauer, Matteo Iannacone, Ralf Zimmer, Philipp Mertins, Norbert Hubner, Michael Hoelscher, Steffen Massberg, Konstantin Stark () and Leo Nicolai ()
Additional contact information
Kami Pekayvaz: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Alexander Leunig: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Rainer Kaiser: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Markus Joppich: Ludwig-Maximilian Universität München
Sophia Brambs: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Aleksandar Janjic: Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich
Oliver Popp: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
Daniel Nixdorf: Gene Center, LMU Munich
Valeria Fumagalli: IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
Nora Schmidt: Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research
Vivien Polewka: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Afra Anjum: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Viktoria Knottenberg: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Luke Eivers: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Lucas E. Wange: Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich
Christoph Gold: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Marieluise Kirchner: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
Maximilian Muenchhoff: Faculty of Medicine, LMU München
Johannes C. Hellmuth: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Clemens Scherer: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Raquel Rubio-Acero: Partner Site Munich
Tabea Eser: Partner Site Munich
Flora Deák: Partner Site Munich
Kerstin Puchinger: University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich
Niklas Kuhl: University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich
Andreas Linder: University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich
Kathrin Saar: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
Lukas Tomas: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Christian Schulz: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Andreas Wieser: Partner Site Munich
Wolfgang Enard: Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich
Inge Kroidl: Partner Site Munich
Christof Geldmacher: Partner Site Munich
Michael Bergwelt-Baildon: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Oliver T. Keppler: Faculty of Medicine, LMU München
Mathias Munschauer: Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research
Matteo Iannacone: IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
Ralf Zimmer: Ludwig-Maximilian Universität München
Philipp Mertins: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
Norbert Hubner: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
Michael Hoelscher: Partner Site Munich
Steffen Massberg: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Konstantin Stark: University Hospital, LMU Munich
Leo Nicolai: University Hospital, LMU Munich

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract The antiviral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection can limit viral spread and prevent development of pneumonic COVID-19. However, the protective immunological response associated with successful viral containment in the upper airways remains unclear. Here, we combine a multi-omics approach with longitudinal sampling to reveal temporally resolved protective immune signatures in non-pneumonic and ambulatory SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and associate specific immune trajectories with upper airway viral containment. We see a distinct systemic rather than local immune state associated with viral containment, characterized by interferon stimulated gene (ISG) upregulation across circulating immune cell subsets in non-pneumonic SARS-CoV2 infection. We report reduced cytotoxic potential of Natural Killer (NK) and T cells, and an immune-modulatory monocyte phenotype associated with protective immunity in COVID-19. Together, we show protective immune trajectories in SARS-CoV2 infection, which have important implications for patient prognosis and the development of immunomodulatory therapies.

Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28508-0

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28508-0

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