Landscape of adenosine-to-inosine RNA recoding across human tissues

Orshay Gabay, Yoav Shoshan, Eli Kopel, Udi Ben-Zvi, Tomer D. Mann, Noam Bressler, Roni Cohen‐Fultheim, Amos A. Schaffer, Shalom Hillel Roth, Ziv Tzur, Erez Y. Levanon () and Eli Eisenberg ()
Additional contact information
Orshay Gabay: Bar-Ilan University
Yoav Shoshan: Tel Aviv University
Eli Kopel: Bar-Ilan University
Udi Ben-Zvi: Bar-Ilan University
Tomer D. Mann: Tel Aviv University
Noam Bressler: Tel Aviv University
Roni Cohen‐Fultheim: Bar-Ilan University
Amos A. Schaffer: Bar-Ilan University
Shalom Hillel Roth: Bar-Ilan University
Ziv Tzur: Bar-Ilan University
Erez Y. Levanon: Bar-Ilan University
Eli Eisenberg: Tel Aviv University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract RNA editing by adenosine deaminases changes the information encoded in the mRNA from its genomic blueprint. Editing of protein-coding sequences can introduce novel, functionally distinct, protein isoforms and diversify the proteome. The functional importance of a few recoding sites has been appreciated for decades. However, systematic methods to uncover these sites perform poorly, and the full repertoire of recoding in human and other mammals is unknown. Here we present a new detection approach, and analyze 9125 GTEx RNA-seq samples, to produce a highly-accurate atlas of 1517 editing sites within the coding region and their editing levels across human tissues. Single-cell RNA-seq data shows protein recoding contributes to the variability across cell subpopulations. Most highly edited sites are evolutionary conserved in non-primate mammals, attesting for adaptation. This comprehensive set can facilitate understanding of the role of recoding in human physiology and diseases.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28841-4

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