Synthetic glycans control gut microbiome structure and mitigate colitis in mice

Andrew C. Tolonen (), Nicholas Beauchemin, Charlie Bayne, Lingyao Li, Jie Tan, Jackson Lee, Brian M. Meehan, Jeffrey Meisner, Yves Millet, Gabrielle LeBlanc, Robert Kottler, Erdmann Rapp, Chris Murphy, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Geoffrey Maltzahn, Christopher M. Liu and Johan E. T. Hylckama Vlieg ()
Additional contact information
Andrew C. Tolonen: Kaleido Biosciences
Nicholas Beauchemin: Kaleido Biosciences
Charlie Bayne: Kaleido Biosciences
Lingyao Li: Kaleido Biosciences
Jie Tan: Kaleido Biosciences
Jackson Lee: Kaleido Biosciences
Brian M. Meehan: Kaleido Biosciences
Jeffrey Meisner: Kaleido Biosciences
Yves Millet: Kaleido Biosciences
Gabrielle LeBlanc: Kaleido Biosciences
Robert Kottler: glyXera GmbH
Erdmann Rapp: glyXera GmbH
Chris Murphy: Kaleido Biosciences
Peter J. Turnbaugh: University of California San Francisco
Geoffrey Maltzahn: Kaleido Biosciences
Christopher M. Liu: Kaleido Biosciences
Johan E. T. Hylckama Vlieg: Kaleido Biosciences

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Relative abundances of bacterial species in the gut microbiome have been linked to many diseases. Species of gut bacteria are ecologically differentiated by their abilities to metabolize different glycans, making glycan delivery a powerful way to alter the microbiome to promote health. Here, we study the properties and therapeutic potential of chemically diverse synthetic glycans (SGs). Fermentation of SGs by gut microbiome cultures results in compound-specific shifts in taxonomic and metabolite profiles not observed with reference glycans, including prebiotics. Model enteric pathogens grow poorly on most SGs, potentially increasing their safety for at-risk populations. SGs increase survival, reduce weight loss, and improve clinical scores in mouse models of colitis. Synthetic glycans are thus a promising modality to improve health through selective changes to the gut microbiome.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28856-x

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