The interplay of additivity, dominance, and epistasis on fitness in a diploid yeast cross

Takeshi Matsui, Martin N. Mullis, Kevin R. Roy, Joseph J. Hale, Rachel Schell, Sasha F. Levy () and Ian M. Ehrenreich ()
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Takeshi Matsui: Joint Initiative for Metrology in Biology
Martin N. Mullis: University of Southern California
Kevin R. Roy: Joint Initiative for Metrology in Biology
Joseph J. Hale: University of Southern California
Rachel Schell: University of Southern California
Sasha F. Levy: Joint Initiative for Metrology in Biology
Ian M. Ehrenreich: University of Southern California

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract In diploid species, genetic loci can show additive, dominance, and epistatic effects. To characterize the contributions of these different types of genetic effects to heritable traits, we use a double barcoding system to generate and phenotype a panel of ~200,000 diploid yeast strains that can be partitioned into hundreds of interrelated families. This experiment enables the detection of thousands of epistatic loci, many whose effects vary across families. Here, we show traits are largely specified by a small number of hub loci with major additive and dominance effects, and pervasive epistasis. Genetic background commonly influences both the additive and dominance effects of loci, with multiple modifiers typically involved. The most prominent dominance modifier in our data is the mating locus, which has no effect on its own. Our findings show that the interplay between additivity, dominance, and epistasis underlies a complex genotype-to-phenotype map in diploids.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29111-z

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