Genetic regulation of post-translational modification of two distinct proteins

Arianna Landini, Irena Trbojević-Akmačić, Pau Navarro, Yakov A. Tsepilov, Sodbo Z. Sharapov, Frano Vučković, Ozren Polašek, Caroline Hayward, Tea Petrović, Marija Vilaj, Yurii S. Aulchenko, Gordan Lauc, James F. Wilson () and Lucija Klarić ()
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Arianna Landini: University of Edinburgh
Irena Trbojević-Akmačić: Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory
Pau Navarro: University of Edinburgh
Yakov A. Tsepilov: Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Sodbo Z. Sharapov: Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Frano Vučković: Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory
Ozren Polašek: School of Medicine, University of Split
Caroline Hayward: University of Edinburgh
Tea Petrović: Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory
Marija Vilaj: Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory
Yurii S. Aulchenko: Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics
Gordan Lauc: Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory
James F. Wilson: University of Edinburgh
Lucija Klarić: University of Edinburgh

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Post-translational modifications diversify protein functions and dynamically coordinate their signalling networks, influencing most aspects of cell physiology. Nevertheless, their genetic regulation or influence on complex traits is not fully understood. Here, we compare the genetic regulation of the same PTM of two proteins – glycosylation of transferrin and immunoglobulin G (IgG). By performing genome-wide association analysis of transferrin glycosylation, we identify 10 significantly associated loci, 9 of which were not reported previously. Comparing these with IgG glycosylation-associated genes, we note protein-specific associations with genes encoding glycosylation enzymes (transferrin - MGAT5, ST3GAL4, B3GAT1; IgG - MGAT3, ST6GAL1), as well as shared associations (FUT6, FUT8). Colocalisation analyses of the latter suggest that different causal variants in the FUT genes regulate fucosylation of the two proteins. Glycosylation of these proteins is thus genetically regulated by both shared and protein-specific mechanisms.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29189-5

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