Chiral structures of electric polarization vectors quantified by X-ray resonant scattering

Kook Tae Kim, Margaret R. McCarter, Vladimir A. Stoica, Sujit Das, Christoph Klewe, Elizabeth P. Donoway, David M. Burn, Padraic Shafer, Fanny Rodolakis, Mauro A. P. Gonçalves, Fernando Gómez-Ortiz, Jorge Íñiguez, Pablo García-Fernández, Javier Junquera, Sandhya Susarla, Stephen W. Lovesey, Gerrit Laan, Se Young Park, Lane W. Martin, John W. Freeland (), Ramamoorthy Ramesh () and Dong Ryeol Lee ()
Additional contact information
Kook Tae Kim: Soongsil University
Margaret R. McCarter: University of California
Vladimir A. Stoica: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
Sujit Das: University of California
Christoph Klewe: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Elizabeth P. Donoway: University of California
David M. Burn: Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
Padraic Shafer: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Fanny Rodolakis: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
Mauro A. P. Gonçalves: Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
Fernando Gómez-Ortiz: Universidad de Cantabria
Jorge Íñiguez: Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)
Pablo García-Fernández: Universidad de Cantabria
Javier Junquera: Universidad de Cantabria
Sandhya Susarla: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Stephen W. Lovesey: Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
Gerrit Laan: Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
Se Young Park: Soongsil University
Lane W. Martin: University of California
John W. Freeland: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
Ramamoorthy Ramesh: University of California
Dong Ryeol Lee: Soongsil University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Resonant elastic X-ray scattering (REXS) offers a unique tool to investigate solid-state systems providing spatial knowledge from diffraction combined with electronic information through the enhanced absorption process, allowing the probing of magnetic, charge, spin, and orbital degrees of spatial order together with electronic structure. A new promising application of REXS is to elucidate the chiral structure of electrical polarization emergent in a ferroelectric oxide superlattice in which the polarization vectors in the REXS amplitude are implicitly described through an anisotropic tensor corresponding to the quadrupole moment. Here, we present a detailed theoretical framework and analysis to quantitatively analyze the experimental results of Ti L-edge REXS of a polar vortex array formed in a PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattice. Based on this theoretical framework, REXS for polar chiral structures can become a useful tool similar to x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS), enabling a comprehensive study of both electric and magnetic REXS on the chiral structures.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29359-5

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