Observation of optical gyromagnetic properties in a magneto-plasmonic metamaterial

Weihao Yang, Qing Liu, Hanbin Wang, Yiqin Chen, Run Yang, Shuang Xia, Yi Luo, Longjiang Deng, Jun Qin (), Huigao Duan () and Lei Bi ()
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Weihao Yang: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Qing Liu: Hunan University
Hanbin Wang: Microsystem and Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics
Yiqin Chen: Hunan University
Run Yang: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Shuang Xia: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Yi Luo: Microsystem and Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics
Longjiang Deng: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Jun Qin: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Huigao Duan: Hunan University
Lei Bi: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Metamaterials with artificial optical properties have attracted significant research interest. In particular, artificial magnetic resonances with non-unity permeability tensor at optical frequencies in metamaterials have been reported. However, only non-unity diagonal elements of the permeability tensor have been demonstrated to date. A gyromagnetic permeability tensor with non-zero off-diagonal elements has not been observed at the optical frequencies. Here we report the observation of gyromagnetic properties in the near-infrared wavelength range in a magneto-plasmonic metamaterial. The non-zero off-diagonal permeability tensor element causes the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect under s-polarized incidence that otherwise vanishes if the permeability tensor is not gyromagnetic. By retrieving the permeability tensor elements from reflection, transmission, and transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect spectra, we show that the effective off-diagonal permeability tensor elements reach 10−3 level at the resonance wavelength (~900 nm) of the split-ring resonators, which is at least two orders of magnitude higher than magneto-optical materials at the same wavelength. The artificial gyromagnetic permeability is attributed to the change in the local electric field direction modulated by the split-ring resonators. Our study demonstrates the possibility of engineering the permeability and permittivity tensors in metamaterials at arbitrary frequencies, thereby promising a variety of applications of next-generation nonreciprocal photonic devices, magneto-plasmonic sensors, and active metamaterials.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29452-9

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