Electrifying passenger road transport in India requires near-term electricity grid decarbonisation

Amir F. N. Abdul-Manan (), Victor Gordillo Zavaleta, Avinash Kumar Agarwal, Gautam Kalghatgi and Amer A. Amer
Additional contact information
Amir F. N. Abdul-Manan: Strategic Transport Analysis Team, Beijing Research Center, Aramco Asia
Victor Gordillo Zavaleta: Aramco Fuel Research Center, Aramco Overseas Company B.V
Avinash Kumar Agarwal: Engine Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Gautam Kalghatgi: Consultant Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Amer A. Amer: Transport Technologies R&D Division, Saudi Aramco Research & Development Center (R&DC)

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Battery-electric vehicles (BEV) have emerged as a favoured technology solution to mitigate transport greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in many non-Annex 1 countries, including India. GHG mitigation potentials of electric 4-wheelers in India depend critically on when and where they are charged: 40% reduction in the north-eastern states and more than 15% increase in the eastern/western regions today, with higher overall GHGs emitted when charged overnight and in the summer. Self-charging gasoline-electric hybrids can lead to 33% GHG reductions, though they haven’t been fully considered a mitigation option in India. Electric 2-wheelers can already enable a 20% reduction in GHG emissions given their small battery size and superior efficiency. India’s electrification plan demands up to 125GWh of annual battery capacities by 2030, nearly 10% of projected worldwide productions. India requires a phased electrification with a near-term focus on 2-wheelers and a clear trajectory to phase-out coal-power for an organised mobility transition.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29620-x

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