Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery

Tong Qiu, Robert Andrus, Marie-Claire Aravena, Davide Ascoli, Yves Bergeron, Roberta Berretti, Daniel Berveiller, Michal Bogdziewicz, Thomas Boivin, Raul Bonal, Don C. Bragg, Thomas Caignard, Rafael Calama, J. Julio Camarero, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Natalie L. Cleavitt, Benoit Courbaud, Francois Courbet, Thomas Curt, Adrian J. Das, Evangelia Daskalakou, Hendrik Davi, Nicolas Delpierre, Sylvain Delzon, Michael Dietze, Sergio Donoso Calderon, Laurent Dormont, Josep Espelta, Timothy J. Fahey, William Farfan-Rios, Catherine A. Gehring, Gregory S. Gilbert, Georg Gratzer, Cathryn H. Greenberg, Qinfeng Guo, Andrew Hacket-Pain, Arndt Hampe, Qingmin Han, Janneke Hille Ris Lambers, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ines Ibanez, Jill F. Johnstone, Valentin Journé, Daisuke Kabeya, Christopher L. Kilner, Thomas Kitzberger, Johannes M. H. Knops, Richard K. Kobe, Georges Kunstler, Jonathan G. A. Lageard, Jalene M. LaMontagne, Mateusz Ledwon, Francois Lefevre, Theodor Leininger, Jean-Marc Limousin, James A. Lutz, Diana Macias, Eliot J. B. McIntire, Christopher M. Moore, Emily Moran, Renzo Motta, Jonathan A. Myers, Thomas A. Nagel, Kyotaro Noguchi, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Robert Parmenter, Ian S. Pearse, Ignacio M. Perez-Ramos, Lukasz Piechnik, John Poulsen, Renata Poulton-Kamakura, Miranda D. Redmond, Chantal D. Reid, Kyle C. Rodman, Francisco Rodriguez-Sanchez, Javier D. Sanguinetti, C. Lane Scher, William H. Schlesinger, Harald Schmidt Van Marle, Barbara Seget, Shubhi Sharma, Miles Silman, Michael A. Steele, Nathan L. Stephenson, Jacob N. Straub, I-Fang Sun, Samantha Sutton, Jennifer J. Swenson, Margaret Swift, Peter A. Thomas, Maria Uriarte, Giorgio Vacchiano, Thomas T. Veblen, Amy V. Whipple, Thomas G. Whitham, Andreas P. Wion, Boyd Wright, S. Joseph Wright, Kai Zhu, Jess K. Zimmerman, Roman Zlotin, Magdalena Zywiec and James S. Clark ()
Additional contact information
Tong Qiu: Duke University
Robert Andrus: University of Colorado Boulder
Marie-Claire Aravena: Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservacion de la Naturaleza (FCFCN)
Davide Ascoli: University of Torino
Yves Bergeron: University of Quebec in Abitibi-Temiscamingue
Roberta Berretti: University of Torino
Daniel Berveiller: Universite Paris-Saclay, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution
Michal Bogdziewicz: Adam Mickiewicz University
Thomas Boivin: Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des Forets Mediterranennes
Raul Bonal: Complutense University of Madrid
Don C. Bragg: Southern Research Station
Thomas Caignard: Universite Bordeaux, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversity, Genes, and Communities (BIOGECO)
Rafael Calama: Centro de Investigacion Forestal - Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CIFOR)
J. Julio Camarero: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IPE-CSIC)
Chia-Hao Chang-Yang: National Sun Yat-sen University
Natalie L. Cleavitt: Cornell University
Benoit Courbaud: Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire EcoSystemes et Societes En Montagne (LESSEM)
Francois Courbet: Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des Forets Mediterranennes
Thomas Curt: Aix Marseille universite, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE)
Adrian J. Das: USGS Western Ecological Research Center
Evangelia Daskalakou: Institute of Mediterranean and Forest Ecosystems
Hendrik Davi: Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des Forets Mediterranennes
Nicolas Delpierre: Universite Paris-Saclay, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution
Sylvain Delzon: Universite Bordeaux, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversity, Genes, and Communities (BIOGECO)
Michael Dietze: Boston University
Sergio Donoso Calderon: Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservacion de la Naturaleza (FCFCN)
Laurent Dormont: Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Josep Espelta: Centre de Recerca Ecologica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF)
Timothy J. Fahey: Cornell University
William Farfan-Rios: Washington University in Saint Louis, Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden
Catherine A. Gehring: Northern Arizona University
Gregory S. Gilbert: University of California
Georg Gratzer: Institute of Forest Ecology
Cathryn H. Greenberg: Bent Creek Experimental Forest, USDA Forest Service
Qinfeng Guo: Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station
Andrew Hacket-Pain: University of Liverpool
Arndt Hampe: Universite Bordeaux, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversity, Genes, and Communities (BIOGECO)
Qingmin Han: Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)
Janneke Hille Ris Lambers: ETH Zurich
Kazuhiko Hoshizaki: Akita Prefectural University
Ines Ibanez: University of Michigan
Jill F. Johnstone: University of Alaska
Valentin Journé: Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire EcoSystemes et Societes En Montagne (LESSEM)
Daisuke Kabeya: Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)
Christopher L. Kilner: Duke University
Thomas Kitzberger: Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas - Universidad Nacional del Comahue)
Johannes M. H. Knops: Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University
Richard K. Kobe: Michigan State University
Georges Kunstler: Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire EcoSystemes et Societes En Montagne (LESSEM)
Jonathan G. A. Lageard: Manchester Metropolitan University
Jalene M. LaMontagne: DePaul University
Mateusz Ledwon: Polish Academy of Sciences
Francois Lefevre: Institut National de Recherche pour Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des Forets Mediterranennes
Theodor Leininger: USDA, Forest Service, Southern Research Station
Jean-Marc Limousin: CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD
James A. Lutz: Utah State University
Diana Macias: University of New Mexico
Eliot J. B. McIntire: Pacific Forestry Centre
Christopher M. Moore: Colby College
Emily Moran: School of Natural Sciences, UC Merced
Renzo Motta: University of Torino
Jonathan A. Myers: Washington University in St. Louis
Thomas A. Nagel: University of Ljubljana
Kyotaro Noguchi: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Jean-Marc Ourcival: CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD
Robert Parmenter: Valles Caldera National Preserve, National Park Service
Ian S. Pearse: Fort Collins Science Center
Ignacio M. Perez-Ramos: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IRNAS-CSIC)
Lukasz Piechnik: Polish Academy of Sciences
John Poulsen: Duke University
Renata Poulton-Kamakura: Duke University
Miranda D. Redmond: COlorado State University
Chantal D. Reid: Duke University
Kyle C. Rodman: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Francisco Rodriguez-Sanchez: Universidad de Sevilla
Javier D. Sanguinetti: Bilogo Dpto. Conservacin y Manejo Parque Nacional Lanin Elordi y Perito Moreno
C. Lane Scher: Duke University
William H. Schlesinger: Duke University
Harald Schmidt Van Marle: Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservacion de la Naturaleza (FCFCN)
Barbara Seget: Polish Academy of Sciences
Shubhi Sharma: Duke University
Miles Silman: Wake Forest University
Michael A. Steele: Wilkes University
Nathan L. Stephenson: USGS Western Ecological Research Center
Jacob N. Straub: State University of New York-Brockport
I-Fang Sun: College of Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University
Samantha Sutton: Duke University
Jennifer J. Swenson: Duke University
Margaret Swift: Duke University
Peter A. Thomas: School of Life Sciences, Keele University
Maria Uriarte: Columbia University
Giorgio Vacchiano: Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan
Thomas T. Veblen: University of Colorado Boulder
Amy V. Whipple: Northern Arizona University
Thomas G. Whitham: Northern Arizona University
Andreas P. Wion: Colorado State University
Boyd Wright: University of New England
S. Joseph Wright: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843n03092
Kai Zhu: University of California
Jess K. Zimmerman: University of Puerto Rico
Roman Zlotin: Geography Department and Russian and East European Institute
Magdalena Zywiec: Polish Academy of Sciences
James S. Clark: Duke University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The relationships that control seed production in trees are fundamental to understanding the evolution of forest species and their capacity to recover from increasing losses to drought, fire, and harvest. A synthesis of fecundity data from 714 species worldwide allowed us to examine hypotheses that are central to quantifying reproduction, a foundation for assessing fitness in forest trees. Four major findings emerged. First, seed production is not constrained by a strict trade-off between seed size and numbers. Instead, seed numbers vary over ten orders of magnitude, with species that invest in large seeds producing more seeds than expected from the 1:1 trade-off. Second, gymnosperms have lower seed production than angiosperms, potentially due to their extra investments in protective woody cones. Third, nutrient-demanding species, indicated by high foliar phosphorus concentrations, have low seed production. Finally, sensitivity of individual species to soil fertility varies widely, limiting the response of community seed production to fertility gradients. In combination, these findings can inform models of forest response that need to incorporate reproductive potential.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30037-9

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