Achieving low-power single-wavelength-pair nanoscopy with NIR-II continuous-wave laser for multi-chromatic probes

Xin Guo, Rui Pu, Zhimin Zhu, Shuqian Qiao, Yusen Liang, Bingru Huang, Haichun Liu, Lucía Labrador-Páez, Uliana Kostiv, Pu Zhao, Qiusheng Wu, Jerker Widengren and Qiuqiang Zhan ()
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Xin Guo: South China Normal University
Rui Pu: South China Normal University
Zhimin Zhu: South China Normal University
Shuqian Qiao: South China Normal University
Yusen Liang: South China Normal University
Bingru Huang: South China Normal University
Haichun Liu: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Lucía Labrador-Páez: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Uliana Kostiv: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Pu Zhao: South China Normal University
Qiusheng Wu: South China Normal University
Jerker Widengren: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Qiuqiang Zhan: South China Normal University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is a powerful diffraction-unlimited technique for fluorescence imaging. Despite its rapid evolution, STED fundamentally suffers from high-intensity light illumination, sophisticated probe-defined laser schemes, and limited photon budget of the probes. Here, we demonstrate a versatile strategy, stimulated-emission induced excitation depletion (STExD), to deplete the emission of multi-chromatic probes using a single pair of low-power, near-infrared (NIR), continuous-wave (CW) lasers with fixed wavelengths. With the effect of cascade amplified depletion in lanthanide upconversion systems, we achieve emission inhibition for a wide range of emitters (e.g., Nd3+, Yb3+, Er3+, Ho3+, Pr3+, Eu3+, Tm3+, Gd3+, and Tb3+) by manipulating their common sensitizer, i.e., Nd3+ ions, using a 1064-nm laser. With NaYF4:Nd nanoparticles, we demonstrate an ultrahigh depletion efficiency of 99.3 ± 0.3% for the 450 nm emission with a low saturation intensity of 23.8 ± 0.4 kW cm−2. We further demonstrate nanoscopic imaging with a series of multi-chromatic nanoprobes with a lateral resolution down to 34 nm, two-color STExD imaging, and subcellular imaging of the immunolabelled actin filaments. The strategy expounded here promotes single wavelength-pair nanoscopy for multi-chromatic probes and for multi-color imaging under low-intensity-level NIR-II CW laser depletion.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30114-z

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