Comparative analysis of COVID-19 vaccine responses and third booster dose-induced neutralizing antibodies against Delta and Omicron variants

Milja Belik (), Pinja Jalkanen, Rickard Lundberg, Arttu Reinholm, Larissa Laine, Elina Väisänen, Marika Skön, Paula A. Tähtinen, Lauri Ivaska, Sari H. Pakkanen, Hanni K. Häkkinen, Eeva Ortamo, Arja Pasternack, Mikael A. Ritvos, Rauno A. Naves, Simo Miettinen, Tarja Sironen, Olli Vapalahti, Olli Ritvos, Pamela Österlund, Anu Kantele, Johanna Lempainen, Laura Kakkola, Pekka Kolehmainen and Ilkka Julkunen ()
Additional contact information
Milja Belik: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Pinja Jalkanen: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Rickard Lundberg: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Arttu Reinholm: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Larissa Laine: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Elina Väisänen: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Marika Skön: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Paula A. Tähtinen: Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
Lauri Ivaska: Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
Sari H. Pakkanen: Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki
Hanni K. Häkkinen: Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki
Eeva Ortamo: Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki
Arja Pasternack: University of Helsinki
Mikael A. Ritvos: University of Helsinki
Rauno A. Naves: University of Helsinki
Simo Miettinen: University of Helsinki and HUSLAB
Tarja Sironen: University of Helsinki and HUSLAB
Olli Vapalahti: University of Helsinki and HUSLAB
Olli Ritvos: University of Helsinki
Pamela Österlund: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Anu Kantele: Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki
Johanna Lempainen: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Laura Kakkola: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Pekka Kolehmainen: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
Ilkka Julkunen: Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Two COVID-19 mRNA (of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) and two adenovirus vector vaccines (ChAdOx1 and Janssen) are licensed in Europe, but optimization of regime and dosing is still ongoing. Here we show in health care workers (n = 328) that two doses of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or a combination of ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector and mRNA vaccines administrated with a long 12-week dose interval induce equally high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against D614 and Delta variant. By contrast, two doses of BNT162b2 with a short 3-week interval induce 2-3-fold lower titers of neutralizing antibodies than those from the 12-week interval, yet a third BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 booster dose increases the antibody levels 4-fold compared to the levels after the second dose, as well as induces neutralizing antibody against Omicron BA.1 variant. Our data thus indicates that a third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine may induce cross-protective neutralizing antibodies against multiple variants.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30162-5

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