Fibronectin binding protein B binds to loricrin and promotes corneocyte adhesion by Staphylococcus aureus

Thaina M. Costa, Albertus Viljoen, Aisling M. Towell, Yves F. Dufrêne () and Joan A. Geoghegan ()
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Thaina M. Costa: School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin
Albertus Viljoen: Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UC Louvain
Aisling M. Towell: School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin
Yves F. Dufrêne: Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UC Louvain
Joan A. Geoghegan: School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Colonisation of humans by Staphylococcus aureus is a major risk factor for infection, yet the bacterial and host factors involved are not fully understood. The first step during skin colonisation is adhesion of the bacteria to corneocytes in the stratum corneum where the cornified envelope protein loricrin is the main ligand for S. aureus. Here we report a novel loricrin-binding protein of S. aureus, the cell wall-anchored fibronectin binding protein B (FnBPB). Single-molecule force spectroscopy revealed both weak and ultra-strong (2 nN) binding of FnBPB to loricrin and that mechanical stress enhanced the strength of these bonds. Treatment with a peptide derived from fibrinogen decreased the frequency of strong interactions, suggesting that both ligands bind to overlapping sites within FnBPB. Finally, we show that FnBPB promotes adhesion to human corneocytes by binding strongly to loricrin, highlighting the relevance of this interaction to skin colonisation.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30271-1

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