POWR1 is a domestication gene pleiotropically regulating seed quality and yield in soybean

Wolfgang Goettel, Hengyou Zhang, Ying Li, Zhenzhen Qiao, He Jiang, Dianyun Hou, Qijian Song, Vincent R. Pantalone, Bao-Hua Song, Deyue Yu and Yong-qiang Charles An ()
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Wolfgang Goettel: Plant Genetics Research Unit
Hengyou Zhang: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Ying Li: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Zhenzhen Qiao: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
He Jiang: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Dianyun Hou: Plant Genetics Research Unit
Qijian Song: Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory
Vincent R. Pantalone: University of Tennessee
Bao-Hua Song: University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Deyue Yu: Nanjing Agricultural University
Yong-qiang Charles An: Plant Genetics Research Unit

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Seed protein, oil content and yield are highly correlated agronomically important traits that essentially account for the economic value of soybean. The underlying molecular mechanisms and selection of these correlated seed traits during soybean domestication are, however, less known. Here, we demonstrate that a CCT gene, POWR1, underlies a large-effect protein/oil QTL. A causative TE insertion truncates its CCT domain and substantially increases seed oil content, weight, and yield while decreasing protein content. POWR1 pleiotropically controls these traits likely through regulating seed nutrient transport and lipid metabolism genes. POWR1 is also a domestication gene. We hypothesize that the TE insertion allele is exclusively fixed in cultivated soybean due to selection for larger seeds during domestication, which significantly contributes to shaping soybean with increased yield/seed weight/oil but reduced protein content. This study provides insights into soybean domestication and is significant in improving seed quality and yield in soybean and other crop species.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30314-7

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