Topography-induced large-scale antiparallel collective migration in vascular endothelium

Claire Leclech, David Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Aurélien Villedieu, Thévy Lok, Anne-Marie Déplanche and Abdul I. Barakat ()
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Claire Leclech: LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris
David Gonzalez-Rodriguez: Université de Lorraine, LCP-A2MC
Aurélien Villedieu: Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 3215, Inserm U934, Genetics and Developmental Biology
Thévy Lok: LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Anne-Marie Déplanche: Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes, CNRS, LS2N, UMR 6004
Abdul I. Barakat: LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Collective migration of vascular endothelial cells is central for embryonic development, angiogenesis, and wound closure. Although physical confinement of cell assemblies has been shown to elicit specific patterns of collective movement in various cell types, endothelial migration in vivo often occurs without confinement. Here we show that unconfined endothelial cell monolayers on microgroove substrates that mimic the anisotropic organization of the extracellular matrix exhibit a specific type of collective movement that takes the form of a periodic pattern of antiparallel cell streams. We further establish that the development of these streams requires intact cell-cell junctions and that stream sizes are particularly sensitive to groove depth. Finally, we show that modeling the endothelial cell sheet as an active fluid with the microgrooves acting as constraints on cell orientation predicts the occurrence of the periodic antiparallel cell streams as well as their lengths and widths. We posit that in unconfined cell assemblies, physical factors that constrain or bias cellular orientation such as anisotropic extracellular matrix cues or directed flow-derived shear forces dictate the pattern of collective cell movement.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30488-0

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