Trans-crustal structural control of CO2-rich extensional magmatic systems revealed at Mount Erebus Antarctica

G. J. Hill (), P. E. Wannamaker, V. Maris, J. A. Stodt, M. Kordy, M. J. Unsworth, P. A. Bedrosian, E. L. Wallin, D. F. Uhlmann, Y. Ogawa and P. Kyle
Additional contact information
G. J. Hill: University of Canterbury, Gateway Antarctica
P. E. Wannamaker: University of Utah, Energy & Geoscience Institute
V. Maris: University of Utah, Energy & Geoscience Institute
J. A. Stodt: Numeric Resources LLC
M. Kordy: University of Utah, Energy & Geoscience Institute
M. J. Unsworth: University of Alberta, Department of Physics
P. A. Bedrosian: United States Geological Survey
E. L. Wallin: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology
D. F. Uhlmann: First Light Mountain Guides
Y. Ogawa: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Volcanic Fluid Research Centre
P. Kyle: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Erebus volcano, Antarctica, with its persistent phonolite lava lake, is a classic example of an evolved, CO2-rich rift volcano. Seismic studies provide limited images of the magmatic system. Here we show using magnetotelluric data that a steep, melt-related conduit of low electrical resistivity originating in the upper mantle undergoes pronounced lateral re-orientation in the deep crust before reaching shallower magmatic storage and the summit lava lake. The lateral turn represents a structural fault-valve controlling episodic flow of magma and CO2 vapour, which replenish and heat the high level phonolite differentiation zone. This magmatic valve lies within an inferred, east-west structural trend forming part of an accommodation zone across the southern termination of the Terror Rift, providing a dilatant magma pathway. Unlike H2O-rich subduction arc volcanoes, CO2-dominated Erebus geophysically shows continuous magmatic structure to shallow crustal depths of

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30627-7

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