Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar

Hiam Chemaitelly (), Houssein H. Ayoub, Sawsan AlMukdad, Peter Coyle, Patrick Tang, Hadi M. Yassine, Hebah A. Al-Khatib, Maria K. Smatti, Mohammad R. Hasan, Zaina Al-Kanaani, Einas Al-Kuwari, Andrew Jeremijenko, Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal, Ali Nizar Latif, Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik, Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim, Gheyath K. Nasrallah, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Adeel A. Butt, Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi, Mohamed H. Al-Thani, Abdullatif Al-Khal, Roberto Bertollini and Laith J. Abu-Raddad ()
Additional contact information
Hiam Chemaitelly: Cornell University
Houssein H. Ayoub: Qatar University
Sawsan AlMukdad: Cornell University
Peter Coyle: Hamad Medical Corporation
Patrick Tang: Sidra Medicine
Hadi M. Yassine: Qatar University
Hebah A. Al-Khatib: Qatar University
Maria K. Smatti: Qatar University
Mohammad R. Hasan: Sidra Medicine
Zaina Al-Kanaani: Hamad Medical Corporation
Einas Al-Kuwari: Hamad Medical Corporation
Andrew Jeremijenko: Hamad Medical Corporation
Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal: Hamad Medical Corporation
Ali Nizar Latif: Hamad Medical Corporation
Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik: Hamad Medical Corporation
Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim: Qatar University
Gheyath K. Nasrallah: Qatar University
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari: Primary Health Care Corporation
Adeel A. Butt: Cornell University
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi: Ministry of Public Health
Mohamed H. Al-Thani: Ministry of Public Health
Abdullatif Al-Khal: Hamad Medical Corporation
Roberto Bertollini: Ministry of Public Health
Laith J. Abu-Raddad: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants are genetically divergent. We conducted a matched, test-negative, case-control study to estimate duration of protection of the second and third/booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against BA.1 and BA.2 infections in Qatar. BNT162b2 effectiveness was highest at 46.6% (95% CI: 33.4–57.2%) against symptomatic BA.1 and at 51.7% (95% CI: 43.2–58.9%) against symptomatic BA.2 infections in the first three months after the second dose, but declined to ~10% or below thereafter. Effectiveness rebounded to 59.9% (95% CI: 51.2–67.0%) and 43.7% (95% CI: 36.5–50.0%), respectively, in the first month after the booster dose, before declining again. Effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization and death was 70–80% after the second dose and >90% after the booster dose. mRNA-1273 vaccine protection showed similar patterns. mRNA vaccines provide comparable, moderate, and short-lived protection against symptomatic BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron infections, but strong and durable protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3

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