Pixel super-resolution with spatially entangled photons

Hugo Defienne (), Patrick Cameron, Bienvenu Ndagano, Ashley Lyons, Matthew Reichert, Jiuxuan Zhao, Andrew R. Harvey, Edoardo Charbon, Jason W. Fleischer and Daniele Faccio ()
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Hugo Defienne: University of Glasgow
Patrick Cameron: University of Glasgow
Bienvenu Ndagano: University of Glasgow
Ashley Lyons: University of Glasgow
Matthew Reichert: Princeton University
Jiuxuan Zhao: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Andrew R. Harvey: University of Glasgow
Edoardo Charbon: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Jason W. Fleischer: Princeton University
Daniele Faccio: University of Glasgow

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Pixelation occurs in many imaging systems and limits the spatial resolution of the acquired images. This effect is notably present in quantum imaging experiments with correlated photons in which the number of pixels used to detect coincidences is often limited by the sensor technology or the acquisition speed. Here, we introduce a pixel super-resolution technique based on measuring the full spatially-resolved joint probability distribution (JPD) of spatially-entangled photons. Without shifting optical elements or using prior information, our technique increases the pixel resolution of the imaging system by a factor two and enables retrieval of spatial information lost due to undersampling. We demonstrate its use in various quantum imaging protocols using photon pairs, including quantum illumination, entanglement-enabled quantum holography, and in a full-field version of N00N-state quantum holography. The JPD pixel super-resolution technique can benefit any full-field imaging system limited by the sensor spatial resolution, including all already established and future photon-correlation-based quantum imaging schemes, bringing these techniques closer to real-world applications.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31052-6

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