Vibrio cholerae O139 genomes provide a clue to why it may have failed to usher in the eighth cholera pandemic

Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Alyce Taylor-Brown, Robert C. Will, Karthick Vasudevan, Bhabatosh Das, Sunil Kumar Srivastava, Goutam Chowdhury, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Shanta Dutta, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Nicholas R. Thomson, Naresh C. Sharma, Gopinath Balakrish Nair, Yoshifumi Takeda, Amit Ghosh, Gordon Dougan and Ankur Mutreja ()
Additional contact information
Thandavarayan Ramamurthy: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)
Agila Kumari Pragasam: Christian Medical College
Alyce Taylor-Brown: Wellcome Genome Campus
Robert C. Will: University of Cambridge
Karthick Vasudevan: Christian Medical College
Bhabatosh Das: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute
Sunil Kumar Srivastava: University of Delhi
Goutam Chowdhury: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)
Asish K. Mukhopadhyay: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)
Shanta Dutta: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)
Balaji Veeraraghavan: Christian Medical College
Nicholas R. Thomson: Wellcome Genome Campus
Naresh C. Sharma: Maharishi Valmiki Infectious Diseases Hospital
Gopinath Balakrish Nair: Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology
Yoshifumi Takeda: National Institute of Infectious Diseases
Amit Ghosh: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)
Gordon Dougan: University of Cambridge
Ankur Mutreja: University of Cambridge

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Cholera is a life-threatening infectious disease that remains an important public health issue in several low and middle-income countries. In 1992, a newly identified O139 Vibrio cholerae temporarily displaced the O1 serogroup. No study has been able to answer why the potential eighth cholera pandemic (8CP) causing V. cholerae O139 emerged so successfully and then died out. We conducted a genomic study, including 330 O139 isolates, covering emergence of the serogroup in 1992 through to 2015. We noted two key genomic evolutionary changes that may have been responsible for the disappearance of genetically distinct but temporally overlapping waves (A-C) of O139. Firstly, as the waves progressed, a switch from a homogenous toxin genotype in wave-A to heterogeneous genotypes. Secondly, a gradual loss of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with the progression of waves. We hypothesize that these two changes contributed to the eventual epidemiological decline of O139.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31391-4

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