Metaproteomics reveals enzymatic strategies deployed by anaerobic microbiomes to maintain lignocellulose deconstruction at high solids

Payal Chirania, Evert K. Holwerda, Richard J. Giannone, Xiaoyu Liang, Suresh Poudel, Joseph C. Ellis, Yannick J. Bomble, Robert L. Hettich () and Lee R. Lynd ()
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Payal Chirania: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Evert K. Holwerda: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Richard J. Giannone: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Xiaoyu Liang: Dartmouth College – Thayer School of Engineering
Suresh Poudel: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Joseph C. Ellis: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Yannick J. Bomble: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Robert L. Hettich: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Lee R. Lynd: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Economically viable production of cellulosic biofuels requires operation at high solids loadings—on the order of 15 wt%. To this end we characterize Nature’s ability to deconstruct and utilize mid-season switchgrass at increasing solid loadings using an anaerobic methanogenic microbiome. This community exhibits undiminished fractional carbohydrate solubilization at loadings ranging from 30 g/L to 150 g/L. Metaproteomic interrogation reveals marked increases in the abundance of specific carbohydrate-active enzyme classes. Significant enrichment of auxiliary activity family 6 enzymes at higher solids suggests a role for Fenton chemistry. Stress-response proteins accompanying these reactions are similarly upregulated at higher solids, as are β-glucosidases, xylosidases, carbohydrate-debranching, and pectin-acting enzymes—all of which indicate that removal of deconstruction inhibitors is important for observed undiminished solubilization. Our work provides insights into the mechanisms by which natural microbiomes effectively deconstruct and utilize lignocellulose at high solids loadings, informing the future development of defined cultures for efficient bioconversion.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31433-x

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