Neutralization capacity of antibodies elicited through homologous or heterologous infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs

Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Pauline Vetter, Christiane S. Eberhardt, Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous, Diem-Lan Vu, Olha Puhach, Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Sophie Waldvogel-Abramowski, Caroline Stephan, Arnaud G. L’Huillier, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Arnaud M. Didierlaurent, Laurent Kaiser, Benjamin Meyer () and Isabella Eckerle ()
Additional contact information
Meriem Bekliz: University of Geneva
Kenneth Adea: University of Geneva
Pauline Vetter: Geneva University Hospitals
Christiane S. Eberhardt: University of Geneva
Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous: Geneva University Hospitals
Diem-Lan Vu: Geneva University Hospitals
Olha Puhach: University of Geneva
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi: University of Geneva
Sophie Waldvogel-Abramowski: Geneva University Hospitals
Caroline Stephan: Geneva University Hospitals
Arnaud G. L’Huillier: Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine
Claire-Anne Siegrist: University of Geneva
Arnaud M. Didierlaurent: University of Geneva
Laurent Kaiser: Geneva University Hospitals
Benjamin Meyer: University of Geneva
Isabella Eckerle: University of Geneva

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants raise questions about escape from previous immunity. As the population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has become more complex due to prior infections with different variants, vaccinations or the combination of both, understanding the antigenic relationship between variants is needed. Here, we have assessed neutralizing capacity of 120 blood specimens from convalescent individuals infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Alpha, Beta, Gamma or Delta, double vaccinated individuals and patients after breakthrough infections with Delta or Omicron-BA.1. Neutralization against seven authentic SARS-CoV-2 isolates (B.1, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Zeta and Omicron-BA.1) determined by plaque-reduction neutralization assay allowed us to map the antigenic relationship of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Highest neutralization titers were observed against the homologous variant. Antigenic cartography identified Zeta and Omicron-BA.1 as separate antigenic clusters. Substantial immune escape in vaccinated individuals was detected for Omicron-BA.1 but not Zeta. Combined infection/vaccination derived immunity results in less Omicron-BA.1 immune escape. Last, breakthrough infections with Omicron-BA.1 lead to broadly neutralizing sera.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31556-1

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