Dispersed emergence and protracted domestication of polyploid wheat uncovered by mosaic ancestral haploblock inference

Zihao Wang, Wenxi Wang, Xiaoming Xie, Yongfa Wang, Zhengzhao Yang, Huiru Peng, Mingming Xin, Yingyin Yao, Zhaorong Hu, Jie Liu, Zhenqi Su, Chaojie Xie, Baoyun Li, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun () and Weilong Guo ()
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Zihao Wang: China Agricultural University
Wenxi Wang: China Agricultural University
Xiaoming Xie: China Agricultural University
Yongfa Wang: China Agricultural University
Zhengzhao Yang: China Agricultural University
Huiru Peng: China Agricultural University
Mingming Xin: China Agricultural University
Yingyin Yao: China Agricultural University
Zhaorong Hu: China Agricultural University
Jie Liu: China Agricultural University
Zhenqi Su: China Agricultural University
Chaojie Xie: China Agricultural University
Baoyun Li: China Agricultural University
Zhongfu Ni: China Agricultural University
Qixin Sun: China Agricultural University
Weilong Guo: China Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Major crops are all survivors of domestication bottlenecks. Studies have focused on the genetic loci related to the domestication syndrome, while the contribution of ancient haplotypes remains largely unknown. Here, an ancestral genomic haploblock dissection method is developed and applied to a resequencing dataset of 386 tetraploid/hexaploid wheat accessions, generating a pan-ancestry haploblock map. Together with cytoplastic evidences, we reveal that domesticated polyploid wheat emerged from the admixture of six founder wild emmer lineages, which contributed the foundation of ancestral mosaics. The key domestication-related loci, originated over a wide geographical range, were gradually pyramided through a protracted process. Diverse stable-inheritance ancestral haplotype groups of the chromosome central zone are identified, revealing the expanding routes of wheat and the trends of modern wheat breeding. Finally, an evolution model of polyploid wheat is proposed, highlighting the key role of wild-to-crop and interploidy introgression, that increased genomic diversity following bottlenecks introduced by domestication and polyploidization.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31581-0

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