Spatial tomography of light resolved in time, spectrum, and polarisation

Martin Plöschner (), Marcos Maestre Morote, Daniel Stephen Dahl, Mickael Mounaix, Greta Light, Aleksandar D. Rakić and Joel Carpenter
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Martin Plöschner: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland
Marcos Maestre Morote: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland
Daniel Stephen Dahl: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland
Mickael Mounaix: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland
Greta Light: II-VI Incorporated
Aleksandar D. Rakić: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland
Joel Carpenter: School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Measuring polarisation, spectrum, temporal dynamics, and spatial complex amplitude of optical beams is essential to studying phenomena in laser dynamics, telecommunications and nonlinear optics. Current characterisation techniques apply in limited contexts. Non-interferometric methods struggle to distinguish spatial phase, while phase-sensitive approaches necessitate either an auxiliary reference source or a self-reference, neither of which is universally available. Deciphering complex wavefronts of multiple co-propagating incoherent fields remains particularly challenging. We harness principles of spatial state tomography to circumvent these limitations and measure a complete description of an unknown beam as a set of spectrally, temporally, and polarisation resolved spatial state density matrices. Each density matrix slice resolves the spatial complex amplitude of multiple mutually incoherent fields, which over several slices reveals the spectral or temporal evolution of these fields even when fields spectrally or temporally overlap. We demonstrate these features by characterising the spatiotemporal and spatiospectral output of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31814-2

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