Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security

Nitin Jain (), Hou-Man Chin, Hossein Mani, Cosmo Lupo, Dino Solar Nikolic, Arne Kordts, Stefano Pirandola, Thomas Brochmann Pedersen, Matthias Kolb, Bernhard Ömer, Christoph Pacher, Tobias Gehring () and Ulrik L. Andersen ()
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Nitin Jain: Technical University of Denmark
Hou-Man Chin: Technical University of Denmark
Hossein Mani: Technical University of Denmark
Cosmo Lupo: University of Sheffield
Dino Solar Nikolic: Technical University of Denmark
Arne Kordts: Technical University of Denmark
Stefano Pirandola: University of York
Thomas Brochmann Pedersen: Cryptomathic A/S
Matthias Kolb: Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
Bernhard Ömer: Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
Christoph Pacher: Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
Tobias Gehring: Technical University of Denmark
Ulrik L. Andersen: Technical University of Denmark

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number N of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large N for successful key generation. Here we report a Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with N ≈ 2 × 108 coherent states. With this advance, possible due to improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32161-y

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