SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens are detected in continuous air samples from congregate settings

Mitchell D. Ramuta, Christina M. Newman, Savannah F. Brakefield, Miranda R. Stauss, Roger W. Wiseman, Amanda Kita-Yarbro, Eli J. O’Connor, Neeti Dahal, Ailam Lim, Keith P. Poulsen, Nasia Safdar, John A. Marx, Molly A. Accola, William M. Rehrauer, Julia A. Zimmer, Manjeet Khubbar, Lucas J. Beversdorf, Emma C. Boehm, David Castañeda, Clayton Rushford, Devon A. Gregory, Joseph D. Yao, Sanjib Bhattacharyya, Marc C. Johnson, Matthew T. Aliota, Thomas C. Friedrich, David H. O’Connor and Shelby L. O’Connor ()
Additional contact information
Mitchell D. Ramuta: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Christina M. Newman: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Savannah F. Brakefield: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Miranda R. Stauss: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center
Roger W. Wiseman: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Amanda Kita-Yarbro: Public Health Madison & Dane County
Eli J. O’Connor: EAGLE School
Neeti Dahal: Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
Ailam Lim: Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
Keith P. Poulsen: Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
Nasia Safdar: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics
John A. Marx: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics
Molly A. Accola: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics
William M. Rehrauer: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Julia A. Zimmer: City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory
Manjeet Khubbar: City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory
Lucas J. Beversdorf: City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory
Emma C. Boehm: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
David Castañeda: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
Clayton Rushford: University of Missouri, School of Medicine
Devon A. Gregory: University of Missouri, School of Medicine
Joseph D. Yao: Mayo Clinic
Sanjib Bhattacharyya: City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory
Marc C. Johnson: University of Missouri, School of Medicine
Matthew T. Aliota: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
Thomas C. Friedrich: University of Wisconsin-Madison
David H. O’Connor: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Shelby L. O’Connor: University of Wisconsin-Madison

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Two years after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a need for better ways to assess the risk of transmission in congregate spaces. We deployed active air samplers to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in real-world settings across communities in the Upper Midwestern states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. Over 29 weeks, we collected 527 air samples from 15 congregate settings. We detected 106 samples that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in continuous air samples collected from a variety of real-world settings. We expanded the utility of air surveillance to test for 40 other respiratory pathogens. Surveillance data revealed differences in timing and location of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus detection. In addition, we obtained SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from air samples to identify variant lineages. Collectively, this shows air sampling is a scalable, high throughput surveillance tool that could be used in conjunction with other methods for detecting respiratory pathogens in congregate settings.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32406-w

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