Long-term memory CD8+ T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Nozomi Kuse, Yu Zhang, Takayuki Chikata, Hung The Nguyen, Shinichi Oka, Hiroyuki Gatanaga and Masafumi Takiguchi ()
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Nozomi Kuse: Kumamoto University
Yu Zhang: Kumamoto University
Takayuki Chikata: Kumamoto University
Hung The Nguyen: Kumamoto University
Shinichi Oka: Kumamoto University
Hiroyuki Gatanaga: Kumamoto University
Masafumi Takiguchi: Kumamoto University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Long-term memory T cells have not been well analyzed in individuals vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine although analysis of these T cells is necessary to evaluate vaccine efficacy. Here, investigate HLA-A*24:02-restricted CD8+ T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2-derived spike (S) epitopes in individuals immunized with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. T cells specific for the S-QI9 and S-NF9 immunodominant epitopes have higher ability to recognize epitopes than other epitope-specific T cell populations. This higher recognition of S-QI9-specific T cells is due to the high stability of the S-QI9 peptide for HLA-A*24:02, whereas that of S-NF9-specific T cells results from the high affinity of T cell receptor. T cells specific for S-QI9 and S-NF9 are detectable >30 weeks after the second vaccination, indicating that the vaccine induces long-term memory T cells specific for these epitopes. Because the S-QI9 epitope is highly conserved among SARS-CoV-2 variants, S-QI9-specific T cells may help prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32989-4

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