Ultrafast and hypersensitive phase imaging of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses in dielectrics

Yide Zhang, Binglin Shen, Tong Wu, Jerry Zhao, Joseph C. Jing, Peng Wang, Kanomi Sasaki-Capela, William G. Dunphy, David Garrett, Konstantin Maslov, Weiwei Wang and Lihong V. Wang ()
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Yide Zhang: California Institute of Technology
Binglin Shen: California Institute of Technology
Tong Wu: California Institute of Technology
Jerry Zhao: California Institute of Technology
Joseph C. Jing: California Institute of Technology
Peng Wang: California Institute of Technology
Kanomi Sasaki-Capela: Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology
William G. Dunphy: Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology
David Garrett: California Institute of Technology
Konstantin Maslov: California Institute of Technology
Weiwei Wang: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Lihong V. Wang: California Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Many ultrafast phenomena in biology and physics are fundamental to our scientific understanding but have not yet been visualized owing to the extreme speed and sensitivity requirements in imaging modalities. Two examples are the propagation of passive current flows through myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses through dielectrics, which are both key to information processing in living organisms and electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate differentially enhanced compressed ultrafast photography (Diff-CUP) to directly visualize propagations of passive current flows at approximately 100 m/s along internodes, i.e., continuous myelinated axons between nodes of Ranvier, from Xenopus laevis sciatic nerves and of electromagnetic pulses at approximately 5 × 107 m/s through lithium niobate. The spatiotemporal dynamics of both propagation processes are consistent with the results from computational models, demonstrating that Diff-CUP can span these two extreme timescales while maintaining high phase sensitivity. With its ultrahigh speed (picosecond resolution), high sensitivity, and noninvasiveness, Diff-CUP provides a powerful tool for investigating ultrafast biological and physical phenomena.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33002-8

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