Biochemical and structural insights of multifunctional flavin-dependent monooxygenase FlsO1-catalyzed unexpected xanthone formation

Chunfang Yang, Liping Zhang, Wenjun Zhang, Chunshuai Huang, Yiguang Zhu, Xiaodong Jiang, Wei Liu, Mengran Zhao, Bidhan Chandra De and Changsheng Zhang ()
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Chunfang Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liping Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenjun Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chunshuai Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yiguang Zhu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaodong Jiang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Mengran Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Bidhan Chandra De: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Changsheng Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Xanthone-containing natural products display diverse pharmacological properties. The biosynthetic mechanisms of the xanthone formation have not been well documented. Here we show that the flavoprotein monooxygenase FlsO1 in the biosynthesis of fluostatins not only functionally compensates for the monooxygenase FlsO2 in converting prejadomycin to dehydrorabelomycin, but also unexpectedly converts prejadomycin to xanthone-containing products by catalyzing three successive oxidations including hydroxylation, epoxidation and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. We also provide biochemical evidence to support the physiological role of FlsO1 as the benzo[b]-fluorene C5-hydrolase by using nenestatin C as a substrate mimic. Finally, we resolve the crystal structure of FlsO1 in complex with the cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide close to the “in” conformation to enable the construction of reactive substrate-docking models to understand the basis of a single enzyme-catalyzed multiple oxidations. This study highlights a mechanistic perspective for the enzymatic xanthone formation in actinomycetes and sets an example for the versatile functions of flavoproteins.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33131-0

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