Effectiveness of an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine with homologous and heterologous boosters against Omicron in Brazil

Otavio T. Ranzani, Matt D. T. Hitchings, Rosana Leite Melo, Giovanny V. A. França, Cássia de Fátima R. Fernandes, Margaret L. Lind, Mario Sergio Scaramuzzini Torres, Daniel Henrique Tsuha, Leticia C. S. David, Rodrigo F. C. Said, Maria Almiron, Roberto D. Oliveira, Derek A. T. Cummings, Natalie E. Dean, Jason R. Andrews, Albert I. Ko and Julio Croda ()
Additional contact information
Otavio T. Ranzani: Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)
Matt D. T. Hitchings: University of Florida
Rosana Leite Melo: Ministério da Saúde
Giovanny V. A. França: Ministério da Saúde
Cássia de Fátima R. Fernandes: Ministério da Saúde
Margaret L. Lind: Yale School of Public Health
Mario Sergio Scaramuzzini Torres: Municipal Health Secretary of Manaus
Daniel Henrique Tsuha: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Leticia C. S. David: Pan American Health Organization
Rodrigo F. C. Said: Pan American Health Organization
Maria Almiron: Pan American Health Organization
Roberto D. Oliveira: State University of Mato Grosso do Sul
Derek A. T. Cummings: University of Florida
Natalie E. Dean: Emory University
Jason R. Andrews: Stanford University
Albert I. Ko: Yale School of Public Health
Julio Croda: Yale School of Public Health

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The effectiveness of inactivated vaccines (VE) against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 caused by omicron is unknown. We conducted a nationwide, test-negative, case-control study to estimate VE for homologous and heterologous (BNT162b2) booster doses in adults who received two doses of CoronaVac in Brazil in the Omicron context. Analyzing 1,386,544 matched-pairs, VE against symptomatic disease was 8.6% (95% CI, 5.6–11.5) and 56.8% (95% CI, 56.3–57.3) in the period 8–59 days after receiving a homologous and heterologous booster, respectively. During the same interval, VE against severe Covid-19 was 73.6% (95% CI, 63.9–80.7) and 86.0% (95% CI, 84.5–87.4) after receiving a homologous and heterologous booster, respectively. Waning against severe Covid-19 after 120 days was only observed after a homologous booster. Heterologous booster might be preferable to individuals with completed primary series inactivated vaccine.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33169-0

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