Complex spatio-temporal structure of the Holocene Thermal Maximum

Olivier Cartapanis (), Lukas Jonkers (), Paola Moffa-Sanchez (), Samuel L. Jaccard () and Anne Vernal ()
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Olivier Cartapanis: CEREGE, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, Technopole Arbois
Lukas Jonkers: University of Bremen
Paola Moffa-Sanchez: Durham University
Samuel L. Jaccard: University of Lausanne
Anne Vernal: Geotop, Université du Québec à Montréal

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Inconsistencies between Holocene climate reconstructions and numerical model simulations question the robustness of climate models and proxy temperature records. Climate reconstructions suggest an early-middle Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) followed by gradual cooling, whereas climate models indicate continuous warming. This discrepancy either implies seasonal biases in proxy-based climate reconstructions, or that the climate model sensitivity to forcings and feedbacks needs to be reevaluated. Here, we analyze a global database of Holocene paleotemperature records to investigate the spatiotemporal structure of the HTM. Continental proxy records at mid and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere portray a “classic” HTM (8–4 ka). In contrast, marine proxy records from the same latitudes reveal an earlier HTM (11–7ka), while a clear temperature anomaly is missing in the tropics. The results indicate a heterogeneous response to climate forcing and highlight the lack of globally synchronous HTM.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33362-1

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