Untangling the threads of cellulose mercerization

Daisuke Sawada, Yoshiharu Nishiyama, Riddhi Shah, V. Trevor Forsyth, Estelle Mossou, Hugh Michael O’Neill, Masahisa Wada and Paul Langan ()
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Daisuke Sawada: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Yoshiharu Nishiyama: Affiliated with the Joseph Fourier University of Grenoble, BP 53
Riddhi Shah: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
V. Trevor Forsyth: Institut Laue-Langevin & Partnership for Structural Biology
Estelle Mossou: Institut Laue-Langevin & Partnership for Structural Biology
Hugh Michael O’Neill: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Masahisa Wada: Kyoto University
Paul Langan: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Naturally occurring plant cellulose, our most abundant renewable resource, consists of fibers of long polymer chains that are tightly packed in parallel arrays in either of two crystal phases collectively referred to as cellulose I. During mercerization, a process that involves treatment with sodium hydroxide, cellulose goes through a conversion to another crystal form called cellulose II, within which every other chain has remarkably changed direction. We designed a neutron diffraction experiment with deuterium labelling in order to understand how this change of cellulose chain direction is possible. Here we show that during mercerization of bacterial cellulose, chains fold back on themselves in a zigzag pattern to form crystalline anti-parallel domains. This result provides a molecular level understanding of one of the most widely used industrial processes for improving cellulosic materials.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33812-w

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