Entanglement-assisted quantum communication with simple measurements

Amélie Piveteau, Jef Pauwels, Emil Håkansson, Sadiq Muhammad, Mohamed Bourennane () and Armin Tavakoli
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Amélie Piveteau: Stockholm University
Jef Pauwels: Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Emil Håkansson: Stockholm University
Sadiq Muhammad: Stockholm University
Mohamed Bourennane: Stockholm University
Armin Tavakoli: Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information - IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Dense coding is the seminal example of how entanglement can boost qubit communication, from sending one bit to sending two bits. This is made possible by projecting separate particles onto a maximally entangled basis. We investigate more general communication tasks, in both theory and experiment, and show that simpler measurements enable strong and sometimes even optimal entanglement-assisted qubit communication protocols. Using only partial Bell state analysers for two qubits, we demonstrate quantum correlations that cannot be simulated with two bits of classical communication. Then, we show that there exists an established and operationally meaningful task for which product measurements are sufficient for the strongest possible quantum predictions based on a maximally entangled two-qubit state. Our results reveal that there are scenarios in which the power of entanglement in enhancing quantum communication can be harvested in simple and scalable optical experiments.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33922-5

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