A population-based matched cohort study of early pregnancy outcomes following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Clara Calvert, Jade Carruthers, Cheryl Denny, Jack Donaghy, Sam Hillman, Lisa E. M. Hopcroft, Leanne Hopkins, Anna Goulding, Laura Lindsay, Terry McLaughlin, Emily Moore, Jiafeng Pan, Bob Taylor, Fatima Almaghrabi, Bonnie Auyeung, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Cheryl L. Gibbons, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Colin McCowan, Josie Murray, Maureen O’Leary, Lewis D. Ritchie, Syed Ahmar Shah, Colin R. Simpson, Chris Robertson, Aziz Sheikh, Sarah J. Stock () and Rachael Wood
Additional contact information
Clara Calvert: University of Edinburgh
Jade Carruthers: Public Health Scotland
Cheryl Denny: Public Health Scotland
Jack Donaghy: Public Health Scotland
Sam Hillman: Public Health Scotland
Lisa E. M. Hopcroft: Public Health Scotland
Leanne Hopkins: Public Health Scotland
Anna Goulding: Public Health Scotland
Laura Lindsay: Public Health Scotland
Terry McLaughlin: Public Health Scotland
Emily Moore: Public Health Scotland
Jiafeng Pan: University of Strathclyde
Bob Taylor: Public Health Scotland
Fatima Almaghrabi: University of Edinburgh
Bonnie Auyeung: University of Edinburgh
Krishnan Bhaskaran: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Cheryl L. Gibbons: Public Health Scotland
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi: Public Health Scotland
Colin McCowan: University of St Andrews
Josie Murray: Public Health Scotland
Maureen O’Leary: Public Health Scotland
Lewis D. Ritchie: University of Aberdeen
Syed Ahmar Shah: University of Edinburgh
Colin R. Simpson: Public Health Scotland
Chris Robertson: Public Health Scotland
Aziz Sheikh: University of Edinburgh
Sarah J. Stock: University of Edinburgh
Rachael Wood: University of Edinburgh

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Data on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in early pregnancy are limited. We conducted a national, population-based, matched cohort study assessing associations between COVID-19 vaccination and miscarriage prior to 20 weeks gestation and, separately, ectopic pregnancy. We identified women in Scotland vaccinated between 6 weeks preconception and 19 weeks 6 days gestation (for miscarriage; n = 18,780) or 2 weeks 6 days gestation (for ectopic; n = 10,570). Matched, unvaccinated women from the pre-pandemic and, separately, pandemic periods were used as controls. Here we show no association between vaccination and miscarriage (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR], pre-pandemic controls = 1.02, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.96–1.09) or ectopic pregnancy (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.92–1.38). We undertook additional analyses examining confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection as the exposure and similarly found no association with miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Our findings support current recommendations that vaccination remains the safest way for pregnant women to protect themselves and their babies from COVID-19.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33937-y

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