The immune synapses reveal aberrant functions of CD8 T cells during chronic HIV infection

Nadia Anikeeva, Maria Steblyanko, Leticia Kuri-Cervantes, Marcus Buggert, Michael R. Betts and Yuri Sykulev ()
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Nadia Anikeeva: Thomas Jefferson University
Maria Steblyanko: Thomas Jefferson University
Leticia Kuri-Cervantes: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Marcus Buggert: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Michael R. Betts: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Yuri Sykulev: Thomas Jefferson University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Chronic HIV infection causes persistent low-grade inflammation that induces premature aging of the immune system including senescence of memory and effector CD8 T cells. To uncover the reasons of gradually diminished potency of CD8 T cells from people living with HIV, here we expose the T cells to planar lipid bilayers containing ligands for T-cell receptor and a T-cell integrins and analyze the cellular morphology, dynamics of synaptic interface formation and patterns of the cellular degranulation. We find a large fraction of phenotypically naive T cells from chronically infected people are capable to form mature synapse with focused degranulation, a signature of a differentiated T cells. Further, differentiation of aberrant naive T cells may lead to the development of anomalous effector T cells undermining their capacity to control HIV and other pathogens that could be contained otherwise.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34157-0

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