Distinct immunological and molecular signatures underpinning influenza vaccine responsiveness in the elderly

Peggy Riese (), Stephanie Trittel, Manas K. Akmatov, Marcus May, Jana Prokein, Thomas Illig, Christoph Schindler, Birgit Sawitzki, Yassin Elfaki, Stefan Floess, Jochen Huehn, Adrian J. Błażejewski, Till Strowig, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Robert Geffers, Bowen Zhang, Yang Li, Frank Pessler and Carlos A. Guzmán
Additional contact information
Peggy Riese: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Stephanie Trittel: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Manas K. Akmatov: TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Medicine
Marcus May: Hannover Medical School
Jana Prokein: Hannover Medical School
Thomas Illig: Hannover Medical School
Christoph Schindler: Hannover Medical School
Birgit Sawitzki: Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Pl. 1
Yassin Elfaki: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Stefan Floess: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Jochen Huehn: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Adrian J. Błażejewski: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Till Strowig: TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Medicine
Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas: University of Idaho
Robert Geffers: RG Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)
Bowen Zhang: Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM)
Yang Li: Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM)
Frank Pessler: TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Medicine
Carlos A. Guzmán: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract Seasonal influenza outbreaks, especially in high-risk groups such as the elderly, represent an important public health problem. Prevailing inadequate efficacy of seasonal vaccines is a crucial bottleneck. Understanding the immunological and molecular mechanisms underpinning differential influenza vaccine responsiveness is essential to improve vaccination strategies. Here we show comprehensive characterization of the immune response of randomly selected elderly participants (≥ 65 years), immunized with the adjuvanted influenza vaccine Fluad. In-depth analyses by serology, multi-parametric flow cytometry, multiplex and transcriptome analysis, coupled to bioinformatics and mathematical modelling, reveal distinguishing immunological and molecular features between responders and non-responders defined by vaccine-induced seroconversion. Non-responders are specifically characterized by multiple suppressive immune mechanisms. The generated comprehensive high dimensional dataset enables the identification of putative mechanisms and nodes responsible for vaccine non-responsiveness independently of confounding age-related effects, with the potential to facilitate development of tailored vaccination strategies for the elderly.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34487-z

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