4D printing of MXene hydrogels for high-efficiency pseudocapacitive energy storage

Ke Li (), Juan Zhao, Ainur Zhussupbekova, Christopher E. Shuck, Lucia Hughes, Yueyao Dong, Sebastian Barwich, Sebastien Vaesen, Igor V. Shvets, Matthias Möbius, Wolfgang Schmitt, Yury Gogotsi () and Valeria Nicolosi ()
Additional contact information
Ke Li: Trinity College Dublin
Juan Zhao: Trinity College Dublin
Ainur Zhussupbekova: Trinity College Dublin
Christopher E. Shuck: Drexel University
Lucia Hughes: Trinity College Dublin
Yueyao Dong: Trinity College Dublin
Sebastian Barwich: Trinity College Dublin
Sebastien Vaesen: Trinity College Dublin
Igor V. Shvets: Trinity College Dublin
Matthias Möbius: Trinity College Dublin
Wolfgang Schmitt: Trinity College Dublin
Yury Gogotsi: Drexel University
Valeria Nicolosi: Trinity College Dublin

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract 2D material hydrogels have recently sparked tremendous interest owing to their potential in diverse applications. However, research on the emerging 2D MXene hydrogels is still in its infancy. Herein, we show a universal 4D printing technology for manufacturing MXene hydrogels with customizable geometries, which suits a family of MXenes such as Nb2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, and Mo2Ti2C3Tx. The obtained MXene hydrogels offer 3D porous architectures, large specific surface areas, high electrical conductivities, and satisfying mechanical properties. Consequently, ultrahigh capacitance (3.32 F cm−2 (10 mV s−1) and 233 F g−1 (10 V s−1)) and mass loading/thickness-independent rate capabilities are achieved. The further 4D-printed Ti3C2Tx hydrogel micro-supercapacitors showcase great low-temperature tolerance (down to –20 °C) and deliver high energy and power densities up to 93 μWh cm−2 and 7 mW cm−2, respectively, surpassing most state-of-the-art devices. This work brings new insights into MXene hydrogel manufacturing and expands the range of their potential applications.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34583-0

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