Absolute frequency metrology of buffer-gas-cooled molecular spectra at 1 kHz accuracy level

Roberto Aiello, Valentina Sarno, Maria Giulia Delli Santi, Maurizio Rosa, Iolanda Ricciardi, Paolo Natale, Luigi Santamaria, Giovanni Giusfredi and Pasquale Maddaloni ()
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Roberto Aiello: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Valentina Sarno: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Maria Giulia Delli Santi: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Maurizio Rosa: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Iolanda Ricciardi: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Paolo Natale: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Luigi Santamaria: Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
Giovanni Giusfredi: ppqSense S.r.l.
Pasquale Maddaloni: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract By reducing both the internal and translational temperature of any species down to a few kelvins, the buffer-gas-cooling (BGC) technique has the potential to dramatically improve the quality of ro-vibrational molecular spectra, thus offering unique opportunities for transition frequency measurements with unprecedented accuracy. However, the difficulty in integrating metrological-grade spectroscopic tools into bulky cryogenic equipment has hitherto prevented from approaching the kHz level even in the best cases. Here, we overcome this drawback by an original opto-mechanical scheme which, effectively coupling a Lamb-dip saturated-absorption cavity ring-down spectrometer to a BGC source, allows us to determine the absolute frequency of the acetylene (ν1 + ν3) R(1)e transition at 6561.0941 cm−1 with a fractional uncertainty as low as 6 × 10−12. By improving the previous record with buffer-gas-cooled molecules by one order of magnitude, our approach paves the way for a number of ultra-precise low-temperature spectroscopic studies, aimed at both fundamental Physics tests and optimized laser cooling strategies.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34758-9

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