Releasing chemical energy in spatially programmed ferroelectrics

Yong Hu, Jennifer L. Gottfried, Rose Pesce-Rodriguez, Chi-Chin Wu, Scott D. Walck, Zhiyu Liu, Sangeeth Balakrishnan, Scott Broderick, Zipeng Guo, Qiang Zhang, Lu An, Revant Adlakha, Mostafa Nouh, Chi Zhou, Peter W. Chung and Shenqiang Ren ()
Additional contact information
Yong Hu: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Jennifer L. Gottfried: Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, US Army Combat Capabilities Development-Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground
Rose Pesce-Rodriguez: Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, US Army Combat Capabilities Development-Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground
Chi-Chin Wu: Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, US Army Combat Capabilities Development-Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground
Scott D. Walck: Survice Engineering Co.
Zhiyu Liu: University of Maryland
Sangeeth Balakrishnan: University of Maryland
Scott Broderick: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Zipeng Guo: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Qiang Zhang: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Lu An: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Revant Adlakha: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Mostafa Nouh: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Chi Zhou: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Peter W. Chung: University of Maryland
Shenqiang Ren: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Chemical energy ferroelectrics are generally solid macromolecules showing spontaneous polarization and chemical bonding energy. These materials still suffer drawbacks, including the limited control of energy release rate, and thermal decomposition energy well below total chemical energy. To overcome these drawbacks, we report the integrated molecular ferroelectric and energetic material from machine learning-directed additive manufacturing coupled with the ice-templating assembly. The resultant aligned porous architecture shows a low density of 0.35 g cm−3, polarization-controlled energy release, and an anisotropic thermal conductivity ratio of 15. Thermal analysis suggests that the chlorine radicals react with macromolecules enabling a large exothermic enthalpy of reaction (6180 kJ kg−1). In addition, the estimated detonation velocity of molecular ferroelectrics can be tuned from 6.69 ± 0.21 to 7.79 ± 0.25 km s−1 by switching the polarization state. These results provide a pathway toward spatially programmed energetic ferroelectrics for controlled energy release rates.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34819-z

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