Sampling of structure and sequence space of small protein folds

Thomas W. Linsky, Kyle Noble, Autumn R. Tobin, Rachel Crow, Lauren Carter, Jeffrey L. Urbauer, David Baker and Eva-Maria Strauch ()
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Thomas W. Linsky: University of Washington
Kyle Noble: University of Georgia
Autumn R. Tobin: University of Georgia
Rachel Crow: University of Washington
Lauren Carter: University of Washington
Jeffrey L. Urbauer: University of Georgia
David Baker: University of Washington
Eva-Maria Strauch: University of Georgia

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Nature only samples a small fraction of the sequence space that can fold into stable proteins. Furthermore, small structural variations in a single fold, sometimes only a few amino acids, can define a protein’s molecular function. Hence, to design proteins with novel functionalities, such as molecular recognition, methods to control and sample shape diversity are necessary. To explore this space, we developed and experimentally validated a computational platform that can design a wide variety of small protein folds while sampling shape diversity. We designed and evaluated stability of about 30,000 de novo protein designs of eight different folds. Among these designs, about 6,200 stable proteins were identified, including some predicted to have a first-of-its-kind minimalized thioredoxin fold. Obtained data revealed protein folding rules for structural features such as helix-connecting loops. Beyond serving as a resource for protein engineering, this massive and diverse dataset also provides training data for machine learning. We developed an accurate classifier to predict the stability of our designed proteins. The methods and the wide range of protein shapes provide a basis for designing new protein functions without compromising stability.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34937-8

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