Tracking westerly wind directions over Europe since the middle Holocene

Hsun-Ming Hu (), Valerie Trouet, Christoph Spötl, Hsien-Chen Tsai, Wei-Yi Chien, Wen-Hui Sung, Véronique Michel, Jin-Yi Yu, Patricia Valensi, Xiuyang Jiang, Fucai Duan, Yongjin Wang, Horng-Sheng Mii, Yu-Min Chou, Mahjoor Ahmad Lone, Chung-Che Wu, Elisabetta Starnini, Marta Zunino, Takaaki K. Watanabe, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Huang-Hsiung Hsu, G.W.K. Moore, Giovanni Zanchetta, Carlos Pérez-Mejías, Shih-Yu Lee () and Chuan-Chou Shen ()
Additional contact information
Hsun-Ming Hu: National Taiwan University
Valerie Trouet: University of Arizona
Christoph Spötl: University of Innsbruck
Hsien-Chen Tsai: National Taiwan University
Wei-Yi Chien: National Taiwan University
Wen-Hui Sung: National Taiwan University
Véronique Michel: Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, CEPAM
Jin-Yi Yu: University of California
Patricia Valensi: Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, UPVD
Xiuyang Jiang: Fujian Normal University
Fucai Duan: Nanjing Normal University
Yongjin Wang: Nanjing Normal University
Horng-Sheng Mii: National Taiwan Normal University
Yu-Min Chou: Southern University of Science and Technology
Mahjoor Ahmad Lone: National Taiwan University
Chung-Che Wu: National Taiwan University
Elisabetta Starnini: University of Pisa
Marta Zunino: Toirano Cave
Takaaki K. Watanabe: Hokkaido University
Tsuyoshi Watanabe: Hokkaido University
Huang-Hsiung Hsu: Academia Sinica
G.W.K. Moore: University of Toronto
Giovanni Zanchetta: University of Pisa
Carlos Pérez-Mejías: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Shih-Yu Lee: Academia Sinica
Chuan-Chou Shen: National Taiwan University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The variability of the northern westerlies has been considered as one of the key elements for modern and past climate evolution. Their multiscale behavior and underlying control mechanisms, however, are incompletely understood, owing to the complex dynamics of Atlantic sea-level pressures. Here, we present a multi-annually resolved record of the westerly drift over the past 6,500 years from northern Italy. In combination with more than 20 other westerly-sensitive records, our results depict the non-stationary westerly-affected regions over mainland Europe on multi-decadal to multi-centennial time scales, showing that the direction of the westerlies has changed with respect to the migrations of the North Atlantic centers of action since the middle Holocene. Our findings suggest the crucial role of the migrations of the North Atlantic dipole in modulating the westerly-affected domain over Europe, possibly modulated by Atlantic Ocean variability.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34952-9

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