Bead-jet printing enabled sparse mesenchymal stem cell patterning augments skeletal muscle and hair follicle regeneration

Yuanxiong Cao, Jiayi Tan, Haoran Zhao, Ting Deng, Yunxia Hu, Junhong Zeng, Jiawei Li, Yifan Cheng, Jiyuan Tang, Zhiwei Hu, Keer Hu, Bing Xu, Zitian Wang, Yaojiong Wu, Peter E. Lobie and Shaohua Ma ()
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Yuanxiong Cao: Tsinghua University
Jiayi Tan: Tsinghua University
Haoran Zhao: Tsinghua University
Ting Deng: Tsinghua University
Yunxia Hu: Tsinghua University
Junhong Zeng: Tsinghua University
Jiawei Li: Tsinghua University
Yifan Cheng: Tsinghua University
Jiyuan Tang: Tsinghua University
Zhiwei Hu: Tsinghua University
Keer Hu: Tsinghua University
Bing Xu: Tsinghua University
Zitian Wang: Tsinghua University
Yaojiong Wu: Tsinghua University
Peter E. Lobie: Tsinghua University
Shaohua Ma: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds promise to repair severe traumatic injuries. However, current transplantation practices limit the potential of this technique, either by losing the viable MSCs or reducing the performance of resident MSCs. Herein, we design a “bead-jet” printer, specialized for high-throughput intra-operative formulation and printing of MSCs-laden Matrigel beads. We show that high-density encapsulation of MSCs in Matrigel beads is able to augment MSC function, increasing MSC proliferation, migration, and extracellular vesicle production, compared with low-density bead or high-density bulk encapsulation of the equivalent number of MSCs. We find that the high-density MSCs-laden beads in sparse patterns demonstrate significantly improved therapeutic performance, by regenerating skeletal muscles approaching native-like cell density with reduced fibrosis, and regenerating skin with hair follicle growth and increased dermis thickness. MSC proliferation within 1-week post-transplantation and differentiation at 3 − 4 weeks post-transplantation are suggested to contribute therapy augmentation. We expect this “bead-jet” printing system to strengthen the potential of MSC transplantation.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35183-8

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