PQBP5/NOL10 maintains and anchors the nucleolus under physiological and osmotic stress conditions

Xiaocen Jin, Hikari Tanaka, Meihua Jin, Kyota Fujita, Hidenori Homma, Maiko Inotsume, Huang Yong, Kenichi Umeda, Noriyuki Kodera, Toshio Ando and Hitoshi Okazawa ()
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Xiaocen Jin: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Hikari Tanaka: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Meihua Jin: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Kyota Fujita: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Hidenori Homma: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Maiko Inotsume: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Huang Yong: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Kenichi Umeda: Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi
Noriyuki Kodera: Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi
Toshio Ando: Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi
Hitoshi Okazawa: Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Abstract Polyglutamine binding protein 5 (PQBP5), also called nucleolar protein 10 (NOL10), binds to polyglutamine tract sequences and is expressed in the nucleolus. Using dynamic imaging of high-speed atomic force microscopy, we show that PQBP5/NOL10 is an intrinsically disordered protein. Super-resolution microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy method show that PQBP5/NOL10 makes up the skeletal structure of the nucleolus, constituting the granule meshwork in the granular component area, which is distinct from other nucleolar substructures, such as the fibrillar center and dense fibrillar component. In contrast to other nucleolar proteins, which disperse to the nucleoplasm under osmotic stress conditions, PQBP5/NOL10 remains in the nucleolus and functions as an anchor for reassembly of other nucleolar proteins. Droplet and thermal shift assays show that the biophysical features of PQBP5/NOL10 remain stable under stress conditions, explaining the spatial role of this protein. PQBP5/NOL10 can be functionally depleted by sequestration with polyglutamine disease proteins in vitro and in vivo, leading to the pathological deformity or disappearance of the nucleolus. Taken together, these findings indicate that PQBP5/NOL10 is an essential protein needed to maintain the structure of the nucleolus.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35602-w

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