Analysis of transcriptional changes in the immune system associated with pubertal development in a longitudinal cohort of children with asthma

Justyna A. Resztak, Jane Choe, Shreya Nirmalan, Julong Wei, Julian Bruinsma, Russell Houpt, Adnan Alazizi, Henriette E. Mair-Meijers, Xiaoquan Wen, Richard B. Slatcher, Samuele Zilioli, Roger Pique-Regi () and Francesca Luca ()
Additional contact information
Justyna A. Resztak: Wayne State University
Jane Choe: Wayne State University
Shreya Nirmalan: Wayne State University
Julong Wei: Wayne State University
Julian Bruinsma: Wayne State University
Russell Houpt: Wayne State University
Adnan Alazizi: Wayne State University
Henriette E. Mair-Meijers: Wayne State University
Xiaoquan Wen: University of Michigan
Richard B. Slatcher: University of Georgia
Samuele Zilioli: Wayne State University
Roger Pique-Regi: Wayne State University
Francesca Luca: Wayne State University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Puberty is an important developmental period marked by hormonal, metabolic and immune changes. Puberty also marks a shift in sex differences in susceptibility to asthma. Yet, little is known about the gene expression changes in immune cells that occur during pubertal development. Here we assess pubertal development and leukocyte gene expression in a longitudinal cohort of 251 children with asthma. We identify substantial gene expression changes associated with age and pubertal development. Gene expression changes between pre- and post-menarcheal females suggest a shift from predominantly innate to adaptive immunity. We show that genetic effects on gene expression change dynamically during pubertal development. Gene expression changes during puberty are correlated with gene expression changes associated with asthma and may explain sex differences in prevalence. Our results show that molecular data used to study the genetics of early onset diseases should consider pubertal development as an important factor that modifies the transcriptome.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35742-z

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