Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5

Hung Fu Tseng (), Bradley K. Ackerson, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Lina S. Sy, Julia E. Tubert, Gina S. Lee, Jennifer H. Ku, Ana Florea, Yi Luo, Sijia Qiu, Soon Kyu Choi, Harpreet S. Takhar, Michael Aragones, Yamuna D. Paila, Scott Chavers, Carla A. Talarico and Lei Qian
Additional contact information
Hung Fu Tseng: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Bradley K. Ackerson: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Katia J. Bruxvoort: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Lina S. Sy: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Julia E. Tubert: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Gina S. Lee: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Jennifer H. Ku: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Ana Florea: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Yi Luo: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Sijia Qiu: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Soon Kyu Choi: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Harpreet S. Takhar: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Michael Aragones: Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Yamuna D. Paila: Moderna, Inc.
Scott Chavers: Moderna, Inc.
Carla A. Talarico: Moderna, Inc.
Lei Qian: Kaiser Permanente Southern California

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Studies have reported reduced natural SARS-CoV-2 infection- and vaccine-induced neutralization against omicron BA.4/BA.5 compared with earlier omicron subvariants. This test-negative case–control study evaluates mRNA-1273 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against infection and hospitalization with omicron subvariants. The study includes 30,809 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 92,427 SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals aged ≥18 years tested during 1/1/2022-6/30/2022. While 3-dose VE against BA.1 infection is high and wanes slowly, VE against BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 infection is initially moderate to high (61.0%-90.6% 14-30 days post third dose) and wanes rapidly. The 4-dose VE against infection with BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4 ranges between 64.3%-75.7%, and is low (30.8%) against BA.5 14-30 days post fourth dose, disappearing beyond 90 days for all subvariants. The 3-dose VE against hospitalization for BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 is 97.5%, 82.0%, and 72.4%, respectively; 4-dose VE against hospitalization for BA.4/BA.5 is 88.5%. Evaluation of the updated bivalent booster is warranted.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35815-7

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