Arabidopsis DXO1 activates RNMT1 to methylate the mRNA guanosine cap

Chen Xiao, Kaien Li, Jingmin Hua, Zhao He, Feng Zhang, Qiongfang Li, Hailei Zhang, Lei Yang, Shuying Pan, Zongwei Cai (), Zhiling Yu, Kam-Bo Wong and Yiji Xia ()
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Chen Xiao: Hong Kong Baptist University
Kaien Li: Hong Kong Baptist University
Jingmin Hua: Hong Kong Baptist University
Zhao He: Hong Kong Baptist University
Feng Zhang: Hong Kong Baptist University
Qiongfang Li: Hong Kong Baptist University
Hailei Zhang: Hong Kong Baptist University
Lei Yang: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Shuying Pan: Hong Kong Baptist University
Zongwei Cai: Hong Kong Baptist University
Zhiling Yu: Hong Kong Baptist University
Kam-Bo Wong: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Yiji Xia: Hong Kong Baptist University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) typically contains a methylated guanosine (m7G) cap, which mediates major steps of mRNA metabolism. Recently, some RNAs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms have been found to carry a non-canonical cap such as the NAD cap. Here we report that Arabidopsis DXO family protein AtDXO1, which was previously known to be a decapping enzyme for NAD-capped RNAs (NAD-RNA), is an essential component for m7G capping. AtDXO1 associates with and activates RNA guanosine-7 methyltransferase (AtRNMT1) to catalyze conversion of the guanosine cap to the m7G cap. AtRNMT1 is an essential gene. Partial loss-of-function mutations of AtRNMT1 and knockout mutation of AtDXO1 reduce m7G-capped mRNA but increase G-capped mRNAs, leading to similar pleiotropic phenotypes, whereas overexpression of AtRNMT1 partially restores the atdxo1 phenotypes. This work reveals an important mechanism in m7G capping in plants by which the NAD-RNA decapping enzyme AtDXO1 is required for efficient guanosine cap methylation.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35903-8

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