Reprogramming systemic and local immune function to empower immunotherapy against glioblastoma

Songlei Zhou, Yukun Huang, Yu Chen, Yipu Liu, Laozhi Xie, Yang You, Shiqiang Tong, Jianpei Xu, Gan Jiang, Qingxiang Song, Ni Mei, Fenfen Ma, Xiaoling Gao (), Hongzhuan Chen () and Jun Chen ()
Additional contact information
Songlei Zhou: Fudan University
Yukun Huang: Fudan University
Yu Chen: Fudan University
Yipu Liu: Fudan University
Laozhi Xie: Fudan University
Yang You: Fudan University
Shiqiang Tong: Fudan University
Jianpei Xu: Fudan University
Gan Jiang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Qingxiang Song: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Ni Mei: Shanghai Center for Drug Evaluation and Inspection
Fenfen Ma: Fudan University
Xiaoling Gao: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Hongzhuan Chen: Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Jun Chen: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Abstract The limited benefits of immunotherapy against glioblastoma (GBM) is closely related to the paucity of T cells in brain tumor bed. Both systemic and local immunosuppression contribute to the deficiency of tumor-infiltrating T cells. However, the current studies focus heavily on the local immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment but not on the co-existence of systemic immunosuppression. Here, we develop a nanostructure named Nano-reshaper to co-encapsulate lymphopenia alleviating agent cannabidiol and lymphocyte recruiting cytokine LIGHT. The results show that Nano-reshaper increases the number of systemic T cells and improves local T-cell recruitment condition, thus greatly increasing T-cell infiltration. When combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor, this therapeutic modality achieves 83.3% long-term survivors without recurrence in GBM models in male mice. Collectively, this work unveils that simultaneous reprogramming of systemic and local immune function is critical for T-cell based immunotherapy and provides a clinically translatable option for combating brain tumors.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35957-8

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