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Stabilizing copper sites in coordination polymers toward efficient electrochemical C-C coupling

Yongxiang Liang, Jiankang Zhao, Yu Yang, Sung-Fu Hung, Jun Li, Shuzhen Zhang, Yong Zhao, An Zhang, Cheng Wang, Dominique Appadoo, Lei Zhang, Zhigang Geng (), Fengwang Li () and Jie Zeng ()
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Yongxiang Liang: University of Science and Technology of China
Jiankang Zhao: University of Science and Technology of China
Yu Yang: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney
Sung-Fu Hung: National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Jun Li: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shuzhen Zhang: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney
Yong Zhao: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney
An Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Cheng Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Dominique Appadoo: Australian Synchrotron
Lei Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Zhigang Geng: University of Science and Technology of China
Fengwang Li: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney
Jie Zeng: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Electroreduction of carbon dioxide with renewable electricity holds promise for achieving net-zero carbon emissions. Single-site catalysts have been reported to catalyze carbon-carbon (C-C) coupling—the indispensable step for more valuable multi-carbon (C2+) products—but were proven to be transformed in situ to metallic agglomerations under working conditions. Here, we report a stable single-site copper coordination polymer (Cu(OH)BTA) with periodic neighboring coppers and it exhibits 1.5 times increase of C2H4 selectivity compared to its metallic counterpart at 500 mA cm−2. In-situ/operando X-ray absorption, Raman, and infrared spectroscopies reveal that the catalyst remains structurally stable and does not undergo a dynamic transformation during reaction. Electrochemical and kinetic isotope effect analyses together with computational calculations show that neighboring Cu in the polymer provides suitably-distanced dual sites that enable the energetically favorable formation of an *OCCHO intermediate post a rate-determining step of CO hydrogenation. Accommodation of this intermediate imposes little changes of conformational energy to the catalyst structure during the C-C coupling. We stably operate full-device CO2 electrolysis at an industry-relevant current of one ampere for 67 h in a membrane electrode assembly. The coordination polymers provide a perspective on designing molecularly stable, single-site catalysts for electrochemical CO2 conversion.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35993-4

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