Salmonella effector SopB reorganizes cytoskeletal vimentin to maintain replication vacuoles for efficient infection

Shuangshuang Zhao, Qiuping Xu, Yanqin Cui, Su Yao, Sihui Jin, Qian Zhang, Zeyu Wen, Haihua Ruan, Xin Liang, Yanjie Chao, Sitang Gong, Philippe Sansonetti, Ke Wei (), Hong Tang () and Yaming Jiu ()
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Shuangshuang Zhao: Guangzhou Medical University
Qiuping Xu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanqin Cui: Guangzhou Medical University
Su Yao: Tongji University
Sihui Jin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qian Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zeyu Wen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Haihua Ruan: Tianjin University of Commerce
Xin Liang: Tsinghua University
Yanjie Chao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Sitang Gong: Guangzhou Medical University
Philippe Sansonetti: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ke Wei: Tongji University
Hong Tang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yaming Jiu: Guangzhou Medical University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract A variety of intracellular bacteria modulate the host cytoskeleton to establish subcellular niches for replication. However, the role of intermediate filaments, which are crucial for mechanical strength and resilience of the cell, and in bacterial vacuole preservation remains unclear. Here, we show that Salmonella effector SopB reorganizes the vimentin network to form cage-like structures that surround Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs). Genetic removal of vimentin markedly disrupts SCV organization, significantly reduces bacterial replication and cell death. Mechanistically, SopB uses its N-terminal Cdc42-binding domain to interact with and activate Cdc42 GTPase, which in turn recruits vimentin around SCVs. A high-content imaging-based screening identified that MEK1/2 inhibition led to vimentin dispersion. Our work therefore elucidates the signaling axis SopB-Cdc42-MEK1/2 as mobilizing host vimentin to maintain concrete SCVs and identifies a mechanism contributing to Salmonella replication. Importantly, Trametinib, a clinically-approved MEK1/2 inhibitor identified in the screen, displayed significant anti-infection efficacy against Salmonella both in vitro and in vivo, and may provide a therapeutic option for treating drug-tolerant salmonellosis.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36123-w

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