Broadband microwave detection using electron spins in a hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip

Joris J. Carmiggelt, Iacopo Bertelli, Roland W. Mulder, Annick Teepe, Mehrdad Elyasi, Brecht G. Simon, Gerrit E. W. Bauer, Yaroslav M. Blanter and Toeno Sar ()
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Joris J. Carmiggelt: Delft University of Technology
Iacopo Bertelli: Delft University of Technology
Roland W. Mulder: Delft University of Technology
Annick Teepe: Delft University of Technology
Mehrdad Elyasi: Tohoku University
Brecht G. Simon: Delft University of Technology
Gerrit E. W. Bauer: Delft University of Technology
Yaroslav M. Blanter: Delft University of Technology
Toeno Sar: Delft University of Technology

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Quantum sensing has developed into a main branch of quantum science and technology. It aims at measuring physical quantities with high resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range. Electron spins in diamond are powerful magnetic field sensors, but their sensitivity in the microwave regime is limited to a narrow band around their resonance frequency. Here, we realize broadband microwave detection using spins in diamond interfaced with a thin-film magnet. A pump field locally converts target microwave signals to the sensor-spin frequency via the non-linear spin-wave dynamics of the magnet. Two complementary conversion protocols enable sensing and high-fidelity spin control over a gigahertz bandwidth, allowing characterization of the spin-wave band at multiple gigahertz above the sensor-spin frequency. The pump-tunable, hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip opens the way for spin-based gigahertz material characterizations at small magnetic bias fields.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36146-3

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