Insights into azalomycin F assembly-line contribute to evolution-guided polyketide synthase engineering and identification of intermodular recognition

Guifa Zhai, Yan Zhu, Guo Sun, Fan Zhou, Yangning Sun, Zhou Hong, Chuan Dong, Peter F. Leadlay, Kui Hong, Zixin Deng, Fuling Zhou and Yuhui Sun ()
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Guifa Zhai: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Yan Zhu: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Guo Sun: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Fan Zhou: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Yangning Sun: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Zhou Hong: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Chuan Dong: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Peter F. Leadlay: University of Cambridge
Kui Hong: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Zixin Deng: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Fuling Zhou: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University
Yuhui Sun: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Modular polyketide synthase (PKS) is an ingenious core machine that catalyzes abundant polyketides in nature. Exploring interactions among modules in PKS is very important for understanding the overall biosynthetic process and for engineering PKS assembly-lines. Here, we show that intermodular recognition between the enoylreductase domain ER1/2 inside module 1/2 and the ketosynthase domain KS3 inside module 3 is required for the cross-module enoylreduction in azalomycin F (AZL) biosynthesis. We also show that KS4 of module 4 acts as a gatekeeper facilitating cross-module enoylreduction. Additionally, evidence is provided that module 3 and module 6 in the AZL PKS are evolutionarily homologous, which makes evolution-oriented PKS engineering possible. These results reveal intermodular recognition, furthering understanding of the mechanism of the PKS assembly-line, thus providing different insights into PKS engineering. This also reveals that gene duplication/conversion and subsequent combinations may be a neofunctionalization process in modular PKS assembly-lines, hence providing a different case for supporting the investigation of modular PKS evolution.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36213-9

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